Motion-picture projector



c. KESSES. MOTION PICTURE PROJECTOR. 'APPLICATION FILED APR. 1h IQIB.

Patented July 12, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

III!

'IIIIIII/I Mia C. KESSES.

monou PICTURE P ROJECTOR. APPLICATION FI'LED APR. n, 1918.

1,384,527. Patented July 12, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mama masses, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

Original application filed September 25, 1917, Serial No. 193,180.Divided and this application filed Aprilv Specification of LettersPatent.

Patented July 12, 1921.

11, 191.8. Serial-N0. 227,867.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, 'CHAnLns 'Knssns, citizen of the UnitedStates, andresident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'inMotion-Picture Projectors, of which the following is a specification,

his application is a division of my application Serial No; 193,180,filed Sept. 25, 1917, Patent No. 1,281,253, and the objects of'myinvention are; first, to rovide in one machine two independent fi mmovements, one a constantly running film movementin-connection with asynchronously movable lens and the other an intermittent feedingmovement, to enable the operator, in case one movement is out ofcommission to use the other; second, to provide means whereby either canbe used for taking, projecting or printin third, to provide adjustingmeans where y the apparatus can be adjusted for different sized picturesand for different widths of film strips, to enable an operator to exposelarge size successive negatives for printing useful hotos on paper forcommercial purposes; ourth, to provide an improved intermittent filmfeeding device, having means for adjusting its movement so that saidmovement can be regulated for the size of pictures in the height and thelength required; fifth, to provide means whereby plain film strips canbe operated; this means a big saving, also valuable positive or negativemotion picture films wherein the erforation is worn out or imperfect;such lms would otherwise be worthless; sixth, to provide an automaticsafety door between the projector and the film; seventh, to providemeans whereby sensitive paper strips can be printed from successivenegatives.

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings in which Figure 1 is a side view of the apparatus wherein isshown a film advancing mechanism in its uppermost position.

Fig. 2 is a view of said film advancing mechanism half way downward.

Fig. 3 is a view of said mechanism at its lowest position. I

Fig. 4 is a side view of an eccentric wheel with a regulator B which isoperative in said film advancing mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section of the eccentr1cincluding theregulator.

Fig. 6 is a perspective fragmental view of the film advancing mechanism,showing the movably secured pinhead separated from the lower frame.

Fig. 7 is a front view of an adjustable film guideway, showing slidablysecured guidearms for the film and for the pins.

Fig. 8 is a side View of said guide arms.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an adjustable film feeding device,showing slidably secured arms.

Fig. 10 is a fragmental view of the sprocket wheel from said feedingdevice showing how to change said sprocket.

Fig. 11 is a side view of said arms which are mo'vably secured to thefeeding device.

Fig. 12 isa perspective view of anauto- ,matically closing safety door.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the "several views.

. I- first describe the intermittent mechanical movement of theprojector. A lens-board 1 is slidably secured in a rail support 2. Ascrew 3 secures said lens in a suitable position in said rail. Saidsupport is slidably secured in theprojector to allow using differentfocus lenses. A rotary shutter 41 withone' openin is secured to a shaft5 which is journa ed with suitable bearings in the front wall and apartition of the apparatus. Said partition has an opening in the rear ofthe ens.

An intermittent feeding device is shown in difi'erent positions on Figs.2 and 3. A square frame 6 is slidably secured in a rail support 7. Aneccentric wheel 8 is set in bearings in an outside rim 9 to reduce thefriction between the eccentric and the plane surfaces 11 and 12 in saidframe. Said rim is a trifle smaller than the frame to allow movementbetween said plane surfaces. Said eccentric and a regulator are shown inFigs. 4 and 5. Said regulator can be secured to said eccentric in manydifferent positions for the size of pictures required. Said regulator isin two parts A and B screwed together with screws 14. Part B is securedto a shaft 5. Two wings 15, one on each side are secured onoppositesides on said eccentric; to reciprocate a pinhead 16 which is in ahorizontal direction slidabl secured in rails 17 to the frame 6. Thepmhead separated from said frame is shown in Fig. 6. Two openings 18 inthe upper part of said frame must be larger than a twin-bolt- 19 whichis secured with a screw to the pinhead to allow for moving said bolt inthe openings 18. A second position of said bolt 1s shown as a dottedline, 19

When the eccentric turns, the front wing moves said bolt forward andpushes the pins 20 in the perforationof the film 10. The eccentric turnsi revolution and moves the film downward as shown on Fig. 2, the lowestposition of the pins being shown on Fig. 3. The rear wing disengages thepins from the film and the carrier returns to the position shown inFig. 1. Said pins are slidably arranged in a rail 21 which is secured onthe pinhead 16. A screw 22 has a right and a left thread. W hen saidscrew is turned the pins 20 move nearer or farther apart to fit in theperforations of the film.

A film guideway 23 is in two parts and is hinged together, bein shown onFig. 7. One part of said guide 1S stationarily secured on a support 24.Corresponding exposing boards 25 for both sides of said guideway, can bechanged for larger or smaller center opening ones. Said boards aresecured to said guideway with clamps 26. Guide arms 27 shown on Fig. 8are slidably secured on a rail 28 which is secured to the front part ofsaid guideway. The lower part of said arms are provided with hooks 29 tosecure them to the lower part of the film guideway.

Each of said arms are provided with three pins 29 to fit in thecorresponding openings in the front and the rear exposing boards and inboth parts of said guideway to give the film running inside of said waya guide. The round openings in the exposing boards 25 must be in aposition to be in line with the corresponding holes on the film guidewayfor the width of film to be used, as for instance if a 4 inch width filmstrip is used, then the opening 29 in the exposing boards and in thefilm guideway must be so far apart to secure the guide arms accordinglyto the film guideway to hold the film in position; corresponding numbersshow the position of those openings to secure the guide arms.

A film feeding device shown on Fig. 9 can be easily adjusted with largeror smaller sprocket wheels or plain rollers 44. One side of a stationarysupport 30 is on hinges A so it can be opened to change the rollers. Themain or ower shaft 31 isjournaled in the wall of t e projector and insaid su port. A square bolt 32 is secured to said shaft shown in Fig. 10to rotate said rollers, which have corresponding openings 32. An idleshaft 33 is journaled in slides 35 which are movable in rails secured onthe sides of the sup ort 30. Springs34 secured below said 'sli e pressthe rollers together. Arms 45, a side View being shown on Fig. 11, aremovahly secured in a' rail 36 which is secured in the upper part of saidsupport. The upper and the lower parts of said arms 37 must fit when inclosed position in corresponding grooves 37, to hold any size rollers orsprocket wheels. All rollers or sprocket wheels have gear wheels 38 torotate them.

Between the exposing openin and the condensers is an automatical yclosing asbestos door 39. Wires 40 are shown in Fig. 1 running overpulleys 41. Said wire spring passes through loops 42 which are securedin said door. An extension pulley 43 secured to the lower pulley 41 iscon nected with a wire'to a lar e pulley, secured to the main shaft.When the apparatus is in operation, by the quick action of the wires 40the door is lifted above theexposing opening and as soon as theapparatus is not acting the door drops by itself to prevent the lightfrom acting on the film.

Turnable film inlets 46 in the film boxes 47 give the film going in orout of said boxes, if the film box is full or almost empty the rightposition so that the film will not be bent. To exchange a film box turnthe slot downward until slot will not show and the box will be lightproof.

The driving mechanism is as follows:

I The main shaft 31 is driven from a crank 48. A bevel gear 49 securedto said shaft is meshed to a bevel gear 50, which is secured to a-shaft51. Said shaft is journaled in a support and a partition in theapparatus. A gear 53 secured to said shaft is meshed to a gear 54 whichis secured to the shaft 5.

The projector which operates with a constantly running film is the sameas described in my Patent No. 1,123,341. The lens 1 is set in analuminum lens board which runs in rails 2 up and down. A sprin 55 isjust strong enough to lift the lens. aid spring is secured to said lensboard and upper part of camera. A square case 56 and an eccentris 57with a regulator (same model as the eccentric 8) reciprocates the lens.To connect this movement to the driving mechanism secure a screw 58 in asuitable position in one of the openings 59 in the shaft 5. Release thescrew 3 on the lens board, remove the twin-bolt l9 and secure theexposing board 60 with screws 61 to the square case 6, as shown indotted lines in Fig. 1.

The eccentric for the lens slide and the other for the exposin slidemust be regu lated. If the size of t e pictures are 5; inch high, thenthe eccentric must be set with the regulators to reciprocate said slideseach way of an inch, both movements combined must be i of an inch andthe o nin in the film guideway must be double the heightof the picture.

Different widths of unperforated film strips or different width of aitive or negative film wherein the per oration is worn out or imperfectcan be exposed, projected or printed with the apparatus by using theconstantly running film movement.

By using this movement described in my Patent No. 1,223,341 insert lainrollers 44, gear wheel 38 being secure to said rollers to rotate them.The u per-roller or'operating roller shown in Fig. 10 must have exactly'the correct diameter to transport by each turn of the driving shaft 31,film for 8 pictures, for the size of said picture re quired the gearwheel 53 turns 8 times the gear wheel 54 which rotates both eccentrics 8and 57.

From this it follows that by every turn of'the'ifiivin g shaft theroller 4A will rotate once, furnishing film for 8 pictures; the lens 1and the exposing board 60 is also lifted and lowered. 8 times and theshutter is so proportioned as to be only open, when the lens, theexposing board and the constantly running film 10 go down together inharen the apparatus is usedas a projector, secure a positive film in theupper film box, move turnable film inlet forward; let the film pass downbetween film guide wa between film feeding rollers, through the filminlet in the lower film box; "to be secured to an empty spool. The firstpicture must be exactly in the opening of the film guideway, place thecondensers in position and it is ready for operation.

When using for a camera place the sensitive film in same way and closethe apparatus in the rear.

When using as a printer, to print duplicates froma negative film on asensitive film lace a second roller above the sensitive film 1n theupper film box, feed both films together through the apparatus same asusual and secure the negative film on an empty spool below the sensitivefilm in the lower film box. When printing use a milky glass between thelens and the electric light.

When exposing photos on a sensitive paper strip, place said strip thesame way, as the sensitive film, under the negative and exposeaccordingly.

I am awarev that prior to my invention projectors havebeen built but Ihave never seen, two projectors in one, second; using of plain andperforated film, third; larger or smaller pictures, fourth; onefrictionless eccentric which can be regulated for the length pictures ona sensitive paper strip.

What I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is-- 1. In amotion picture machine, a film gate, a rail horizontally disposed onsaid gate and film guides slidably mounted on said rail, as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. In a motion picture machine, a film gate having an aperture therein,a rail mounted on said gate transversely of the direction of travel ofthe film by sa1d aperture, film guides adjustably mounted on said rail,and means for locking said guides in various adjusted positions toaccommodate various widths of film.

CHARLES KEssEs Witnesses:

JAMES Cnoss, I v JULIUS GOLDWATER.

of stroke required, fifth; exposing successlve

